Causes of hypertension and signs of development of the disease

Hypertension is a disease accompanied by a sharp increase in blood pressure. Arterial hypertension destroys blood vessels, and they become narrowed and damaged in a short period of time. The veins cannot withstand the strong blood flow and cause bleeding. An increase in pressure can be observed in patients of any gender, and the causes of the pathology can be very different. The main causes include genetic factors, heavy alcohol consumption, pregnancy and age-related changes.

Factors that lead to the development of the disease

Experts say that any deviation from the norm is individual for each patient. Considering this factor, the causes and symptoms in a patient diagnosed with hypertension are different and not always sufficiently expressed. A special treatment is selected for each patient with this pathology, and it is impossible to use any template.

What can cause a person's hypertension and what symptoms of the disease should be paid attention to? The following risk factors that can lead to the development of pathology are identified:

1. Extra pounds in the human body often cause arterial hypertension. This is due to the fact that the saturation of adipose tissue with blood is a rather complex process. Gaining even a few extra pounds causes increased stress on the blood supply system and can cause disturbances in the work of the heart and arterial bed.

2. Staying at home permanently and not having clean air with the necessary oxygen can have a negative impact on human health. Vasodilatation allows compensating the hypoxic mixture from the lungs, and prolonged stay in poorly ventilated rooms leads to the appearance of signs of arterial hypertension.
3. Another provoking factor under the influence of which juvenile hypertension can occur is an increase in testosterone in the body. The result of this is the appearance of symptoms of the disease and the gradual development of hypertension.
4. Frequent stressful situations and emotional stress can cause an increase in blood pressure. With the chronic nature of the course, all organs are in constant tone, and the result is wear and tear of the vessels and a decrease in elasticity.
5. Various injuries and brain damage can provoke the appearance of hypertension. They cause narrowing of the lumen of the canal, and the body must actively fight against the resulting hypotonicity.

In fact, high blood pressure is detected only in cases of atherosclerotic changes that already exist in the blood vessels. The development of hypertension is possible due to an increase in the concentration of cholesterol in the human body, which causes certain difficulties with blood circulation. The fact is that cholesterol plaques are an atherosclerotic process.

Etiology and causes of the disease

It is important to determine all possible causes of hypertension in order to prescribe effective treatment. Later, it is necessary to determine the factors that can cause an increase in pressure. The causes of hypertension are quite diverse and continue to be studied by doctors today.

The causes of pulmonary hypertension in patients of any gender and age are narrowing of the diameter of small vessels. Gradually, the vessel walls begin to feel the pressure of the blood, and the result is the development of hypertension. The etiology of the development of such a disease has not yet been fully studied by experts. Many experts say that the causes of hypertension are disorders in the work of the circulatory system.

In most cases, the causes of hypertension cannot be determined because there can be many of them. At the same time, we can identify the most common causes of pathology that lead to the development of the disease:

1. Congenital hypertension.Many diseases are hereditary, and hypertension is no exception. In about half of patients, the cause of hypertension is hidden in heredity. If your parents have arterial hypertension, the risk of developing it doubles.

2. Poor nutrition.The pathogenesis of the development of vascular diseases can be poor nutrition. Salty foods can cause high blood pressure and cause disease. It will take some time for the kidneys to remove excess sodium from the body, and until this happens, the excess salt will be retained in water. The result of this is the appearance of edema and an increase in circulating blood volume in hypertensive patients.
3. To smoke.Tobacco contains nicotine, which increases heart rate and blood pressure. Chronic smoking poses a danger to the smoker and everyone around him.
4. Alcohol abuse.Drinking large amounts of alcohol and hanging out in the morning have a negative effect on health and blood pressure. Statistics show that people under the influence of alcohol often suffer various injuries. Alcohol abuse, starting at a young age, often causes hypertension and many pathologies of the cardiovascular system.
5. Many are sufferingweather dependence, that is, they are particularly sensitive to weather changes. Even healthy people who move little and stay indoors for long periods of time can be affected by weather conditions. Meteocrises in hypertensive patients mainly develop in unusual climatic conditions.

One of the reasons for arterial hypertension is physical inactivity, that is, low physical activity. At the same time, active sports can have negative consequences for the body. Patients with excess weight, pathology of the heart and vascular system will have to refuse increased physical stress on the body.

Hypertension occurs in 1/3 of the adult population and is mostly an independent disease. In all other cases related to arterial hypertension, the causes are in the development of human pathologies of other organs and systems, for example, lungs or kidneys.

In medical practice, there is such a thing as secondary hypertension. The main causes of such hypertension are as follows:

• renal hypertension develops when the vessels supplying the kidneys are blocked;
• tumors of the adrenal glands appear, which cause an increased production of hormones;
• obesity and metabolic syndrome.

When a person develops hypertension, it is accompanied by the development of certain symptoms. As soon as the first signs of the disease appear, it is important to consult a specialist, which will allow you to start treatment on time.

At what age can hypertension develop and the first signs?

Hypertension can begin to develop at a young age, but in most cases it is detected in patients after the age of 40. In its development, hypertension goes through several stages, and each of them is accompanied by the appearance of certain symptoms. At the initial stage of the disease, blood pressure rises to 140-159 mm Hg. In addition, the symptoms of hypertension may appear as follows:

• localized headache in the temples and back of the head;
• impaired performance with a constant desire to sleep and decreased appetite;
• the appearance of spots in the eyes and especially a sudden change in body position;
• attention and memory problems;
• shortness of breath with little physical effort;
• change in the color of the skin of the face.

The first signs of hypertension are most often mild and disappear after a while. Nevertheless, it is important to consult a specialist, because hypertension can be successfully treated at the very beginning of its development.

As arterial hypertension develops, symptoms of the disease may appear, such as nausea, frequent dizziness, bleeding from the nasal cavity and numbness of the fingers. When hypertension reaches the final stage of development, complications such as stroke, heart attack, arrhythmia and heart dysfunction may occur.

Features of the development of the disease in men

The development of hypertension in women is less pronounced than in men. This pathological condition is more easily tolerated by them and does not cause serious health problems. With the development of hypertension in men, the skin of the face turns bright red already at the initial stage of the development of the pathology.

Why is hypertension diagnosed more often in men than in women? The fact is that representatives of the fairer sex are protected from the development of such pathology by female sex hormones and regular menstrual bleeding. In addition, women pay more attention to their health than men.

The etiology of arterial hypertension in men is obesity, bad habits, sedentary lifestyle and stress at work. High blood pressure is considered a serious burden for the male body and causes dangerous complications. Representatives of the stronger sex often cause problems such as angina pectoris, heart attacks, strokes and kidney pathologies.

Arterial hypertension poses a serious threat to both women and men at any age. When the first signs of the disease appear, it is necessary to seek medical help that will help prevent the development of many complications. In order to successfully treat hypertension, the symptoms and causes of the pathology should be identified as early as possible and its elimination should begin immediately.